gefitinib — Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & Safety

Drug class: Antineoplastic (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor [EGFR] Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor)

Overview

Gefitinib is a prescription medicine used to treat certain types of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that have specific mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene. It is typically used as a first-line treatment for patients whose tumors test positive for these mutations. Gefitinib works by blocking the activity of EGFR, a protein on the surface of cells that helps them grow and divide. By inhibiting this protein, gefitinib can slow or stop the growth of cancer cells. Patients should know that gefitinib is taken by mouth, usually once daily, and that regular monitoring is important to check for side effects and effectiveness. It is important to take gefitinib exactly as prescribed and to inform your healthcare provider about any new symptoms.

Therapeutic uses

  • Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR exon 19 deletions or exon 21 (L858R) substitution mutations
  • Advanced or metastatic NSCLC in patients who have failed prior chemotherapy
  • First-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with activating EGFR mutations

Common side effects

  • Diarrhea
  • Rash
  • Acne
  • Dry skin
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Interstitial lung disease
  • Liver enzyme elevation

Frequently Asked Questions about gefitinib

What is gefitinib used for?

Gefitinib is used to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that has specific EGFR mutations. It is usually prescribed as a first-line treatment for these patients.

How should I take gefitinib?

Take gefitinib once daily, with or without food, at the same time each day. Swallow the tablet whole with water. If you cannot swallow the tablet, it can be dispersed in water and taken immediately.

What are the most common side effects?

The most common side effects are diarrhea, skin rash, dry skin, nausea, and vomiting. Most are mild to moderate and manageable.

Can gefitinib be used in children?

Gefitinib is not recommended for use in children, as safety and effectiveness have not been established in pediatric populations.

What should I do if I miss a dose?

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not double up doses.

Are there any foods or medicines I should avoid?

Avoid grapefruit products and medicines that reduce stomach acid, as they can affect how gefitinib works. Always check with your doctor before starting new medications.

Is gefitinib safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

Gefitinib may harm an unborn baby and is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Discuss contraception and risks with your doctor.

Related gefitinib information

Educational information only. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.