Hydrocortisone — Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & Safety

Drug class: Corticosteroid (Glucocorticoid)

Overview

Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid medication used to treat a wide range of conditions, including adrenal insufficiency (such as Addison's disease), severe allergies, asthma, certain types of arthritis, skin conditions, and inflammation. It works by mimicking the effects of cortisol, a natural hormone produced by your adrenal glands, helping to reduce inflammation, suppress immune responses, and regulate metabolism. Hydrocortisone can be taken orally, applied topically, or given by injection, depending on the condition being treated. For adrenal insufficiency, it replaces the body's missing cortisol. For skin conditions, it helps relieve redness, itching, and swelling. Patients should follow their healthcare provider's instructions closely, as improper use can lead to side effects or complications. Key points: Do not stop taking hydrocortisone suddenly without medical advice, as this can cause serious withdrawal symptoms. Inform your doctor about all other medications and health conditions before starting hydrocortisone.

Therapeutic uses

• Inflammatory conditions (e.g., arthritis, colitis)
• Allergic reactions (e.g., severe asthma, skin rashes)
• Adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease)
• Certain cancers (e.g., leukemia, lymphoma)

Common side effects

• Fluid retention
• Increased blood sugar
• Mood changes
• Increased appetite
• Insomnia
• Osteoporosis
• Adrenal suppression
• Increased risk of infection

Frequently Asked Questions about Hydrocortisone

What is hydrocortisone used for?

Hydrocortisone is used to treat adrenal insufficiency, severe allergies, asthma, arthritis, skin conditions, and inflammation. It replaces or supplements natural cortisol in the body.

How should I take hydrocortisone?

Take hydrocortisone exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Oral forms should be taken with food, and topical forms should be applied as directed. Do not stop suddenly without medical advice.

What are the possible side effects?

Common side effects include increased appetite, mood changes, trouble sleeping, and mild stomach upset. Serious side effects may include infection, high blood pressure, or adrenal crisis.

Can I use hydrocortisone during pregnancy?

Hydrocortisone should only be used during pregnancy if clearly needed and prescribed by your doctor. Discuss risks and benefits with your healthcare provider.

What should I do if I miss a dose?

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not double up. For adrenal insufficiency, contact your doctor if you miss a dose.

Are there any foods or medicines I should avoid?

Avoid live vaccines, and inform your doctor about all other medicines you take. Limit salt intake if advised, and avoid alcohol if possible.

How do I store hydrocortisone?

Store at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Keep out of reach of children.

Educational information only. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.