Leflunomide (leflunomide) — Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & Safety

Drug class: Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)

Overview

Leflunomide is a prescription medication used to treat adults with active rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. It helps reduce joint pain, swelling, and long-term damage caused by these autoimmune diseases. Leflunomide works by suppressing the immune system to decrease inflammation. It blocks an enzyme needed for immune cells to multiply, which helps slow the progression of joint damage. Key points: Leflunomide may take several weeks to show full benefits. Regular blood tests are needed to monitor for side effects. Women of childbearing age must use effective contraception during and after treatment, as the drug can cause birth defects.

Therapeutic uses

• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Psoriatic arthritis

Common side effects

• Diarrhea
• Nausea
• Abdominal pain
• Hair loss
• Liver damage
• Bone marrow suppression
• Severe skin reactions

Frequently Asked Questions about Leflunomide

How long does it take for leflunomide to work?

Leflunomide may take 4 to 6 weeks or longer to show noticeable improvement in symptoms. Some patients may require up to 3 months for full benefit.

Can I drink alcohol while taking leflunomide?

It is best to avoid alcohol while taking leflunomide, as both can increase the risk of liver damage.

Is leflunomide safe during pregnancy?

No. Leflunomide can cause birth defects and must not be used during pregnancy. Women of childbearing age must use effective contraception during and after treatment.

What should I do if I develop an infection while on leflunomide?

Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you develop signs of infection such as fever, chills, or sore throat. Leflunomide can suppress your immune system, increasing infection risk.

Can leflunomide be used with other DMARDs?

Leflunomide may be used with other DMARDs, but this increases the risk of side effects. Your doctor will monitor you closely if combination therapy is needed.

How is leflunomide eliminated from the body if I need to stop it quickly?

A drug elimination procedure using cholestyramine or activated charcoal can rapidly remove leflunomide from your body if needed (e.g., before pregnancy or in case of toxicity).

Do I need regular blood tests while taking leflunomide?

Yes. Regular blood tests are required to monitor liver function, blood cell counts, and kidney function during treatment.

Educational information only. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.