Nilotinib (nilotinib) — Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & Safety

Drug class: Cancer & Oncology

Overview

Nilotinib is a prescription medication used to treat certain types of leukemia, specifically Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (Ph+ CML) in adults and children. It is often prescribed when other treatments have not worked or are not suitable. Nilotinib works by blocking the action of a protein called BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase, which is responsible for the uncontrolled growth of abnormal white blood cells in CML. By inhibiting this protein, nilotinib helps slow or stop the progression of leukemia. Key points for patients: Take nilotinib exactly as prescribed, on an empty stomach, and avoid certain foods and medications that may interact. Regular blood tests are needed to monitor your response and check for side effects. Always discuss any new symptoms or concerns with your healthcare provider.

Therapeutic uses

• Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+), newly diagnosed
• Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+), chronic phase (CP), resistant or intolerant to prior therapy including imatinib
• Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+), accelerated phase (AP), resistant or intolerant to prior therapy including imatinib

Common side effects

• Myelosuppression
• QT prolongation
• Pancreatitis
• Hepatotoxicity
• Fluid retention
• Cardiovascular events
• Rash
• Diarrhea

Frequently Asked Questions about Nilotinib

What is nilotinib used for?

Nilotinib is primarily used to treat Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (Ph+ CML) in adults and children. It is prescribed when other treatments are not effective or suitable.

How should I take nilotinib?

Take nilotinib exactly as directed, on an empty stomach (at least 2 hours after and 1 hour before food), and swallow the capsule or tablet whole with water. Do not crush or chew.

What foods or medications should I avoid while taking nilotinib?

Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice, and do not eat for at least 2 hours before and 1 hour after taking nilotinib. Avoid medications that can prolong the QT interval or interact with liver enzymes unless approved by your doctor.

What are the most serious side effects of nilotinib?

Serious side effects include heart rhythm problems (QT prolongation), severe liver or pancreatic toxicity, myelosuppression (low blood counts), and risk of sudden cardiac death. Seek immediate medical attention for chest pain, fainting, or severe allergic reactions.

Can I take nilotinib during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

Nilotinib can cause harm to an unborn baby and should not be used during pregnancy. Use effective contraception during treatment. It is not known if nilotinib passes into breast milk; breastfeeding is not recommended.

How long will I need to take nilotinib?

Treatment duration varies. Some patients may need to take nilotinib for several years or indefinitely, depending on their response and disease status. Your doctor will monitor your progress and advise on treatment length.

What monitoring is required while on nilotinib?

Regular blood tests are needed to monitor blood counts, liver and pancreatic function, and heart rhythm (ECG). Your doctor will also check for side effects and adjust your dose as needed.

Educational information only. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.