Levonorgestrel — Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & Safety

Drug class: Endocrine & Hormonal

Overview

Levonorgestrel is a synthetic hormone used primarily for emergency contraception (the 'morning-after pill') and as a component of some long-acting reversible contraceptives, such as intrauterine devices (IUDs) and implants. It helps prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex or contraceptive failure by stopping or delaying ovulation, preventing fertilization, or stopping a fertilized egg from attaching to the uterus. Levonorgestrel is also used in certain hormonal IUDs to provide long-term birth control, and may be prescribed for heavy menstrual bleeding. It is not effective if you are already pregnant and does not protect against sexually transmitted infections. Key points: Levonorgestrel is most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse. It is generally well-tolerated, but may cause mild side effects such as nausea or changes in menstrual bleeding.

Therapeutic uses

• Emergency contraception
• Long-term contraception (intrauterine device)
• Hormone replacement therapy (in combination with estrogen)
• Treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding

Common side effects

• Headache
• Nausea
• Abdominal pain
• Menstrual changes
• Breast tenderness
• Dizziness
• Fatigue
• Ectopic pregnancy

Frequently Asked Questions about Levonorgestrel

How effective is levonorgestrel as emergency contraception?

Levonorgestrel is most effective when taken within 72 hours after unprotected sex, reducing the risk of pregnancy by up to 89%. Effectiveness decreases the longer you wait to take it.

Can levonorgestrel be used more than once in a menstrual cycle?

While it can be used more than once, repeated use may cause menstrual irregularities and is not recommended as a regular contraceptive method.

What should I do if I vomit after taking levonorgestrel?

If you vomit within 2 hours of taking the tablet, take another dose as soon as possible.

Does levonorgestrel have any long-term side effects?

Levonorgestrel is generally safe with no known long-term effects when used as directed. Long-term use as an IUD or implant is well-studied and considered safe.

Can I use levonorgestrel if I am breastfeeding?

Levonorgestrel is considered safe during breastfeeding, but consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice.

Will levonorgestrel affect my future fertility?

There is no evidence that levonorgestrel affects long-term fertility. Normal fertility returns quickly after use.

What if my period is late after taking levonorgestrel?

If your period is delayed by more than 7 days, take a pregnancy test and consult your healthcare provider.

Educational information only. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.